The groundwork for the invention of solar panels was made possible by Edmund Becquerel, a French scientist, who is widely recognized as the “father of solar energy” and who discovered the photovoltaic effect, which is the process of light directly converting to energy – through semi-conductive materials, which are joined together to transfer photons to electrons, allowing an electrical current to form.
In 1839, Becquerel found light could increase electricity generation when two electrodes interacted with a conducting solution when he was 19 years old. While experimenting in his father’s laboratory, he placed silver chloride in an acidic solution. He then exposed it to light, connecting it to platinum electrodes.
Becquerel was interested in more than photovoltaics, investigating effects and characters of solar radiation and electric light. He invented a phosphoroscope, which allowed the interval between exposures to light and the effects to be observed, varied, and measured. Later, he became the Chairman of Physics at the Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers in 1853.
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